Methanol is a type of non-alcoholic alcohol (also called wood alcohol, wood spirit, and methyl alcohol) that is mostly used to make fuel, solvent, and antifreeze. This compound is a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid known as ethanol, which is toxic for human consumption. Methanol is also used to produce various other chemicals, including acetic acid. All methanol occurs naturally in many living organisms as part of metabolic processes. For example, methanol occurs naturally in many fruits and vegetables. Pure methanol is an important substance in chemical synthesis.

Methanol production:

Catalysts that have the ability to work at low temperatures, such as copper, are used for efficient methanol production. Low-pressure methanol was developed in the late 1960s with Johnson Matthey technology. Natural gas is the most economical and widely used raw material for methanol production. However, other raw materials can also be used. Coal is used as a raw material for methanol production, especially in China. In addition, existing mature technologies for biomass gasification for methanol production are being implemented. Methanol used to be produced by the destructive distillation of wood. The modern method of methanol preparation is based on the direct combination of carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst. Increasingly, syngas, a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide from biomass, is used to produce methanol. In fact, in general, the production of methanol includes seven stages:

Feed preparation

Synthesis gas production

Synthesis gas density

Methanol synthesis

Methanol purification

Steam and condensate system

Storage and loading 

Structure of methanol:

The simplest long series of organic compounds called alcohols, consisting of a methyl group (CH3) linked to a hydroxy group (OH).

Table of technical specifications of methanol:

Application of methanol:
The methanol derivative is used to make a large number of pharmaceutical compounds, including many important synthetic dyes, resins, and fragrances. A large number of dyes are converted to dimethylaniline and for synthetic resins to formaldehyde.

Methanol is used on a limited basis to fuel internal combustion engines, primarily because it is known to be less flammable than gasoline. Ignition is more methanol than gasoline and produces only one-eighth the heat.

In some home purchases, a small amount of methanol is added to provide a carbon food source for the disinfecting bacteria, which convert nitrates to nitrogen to sensitize the underground cleaners.

Methanol is used as a solvent, and as an antifreeze in pipelines and windshield washer fluid. In the early 1900s, methanol was used as a car coolant antifreeze.

Also, methanol is a denaturing agent in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

When produced from wood or other organic materials, organic methanol (bioalcohol) has been proposed as an alternative to petroleum-based hydrocarbons. By using suitable solvents and corrosion inhibitors, low levels of methanol can be used in existing vehicles. Fuel quality guidelines in Europe allow up to 3% methanol to be mixed with an equal amount of solvents in gasoline sold in the blend. More than one million gallons of methanol per year are used as a transportation fuel in both low-level blends in existing vehicles and as high-level blends in vehicles designed to use methanol fuels.

Methanol fuel cells are directly atmospheric at low temperature and pressure, allowing them to grow to an unprecedented extent. This combination, with relatively easy and safe storage and handling of methanol, may enable fuel-cell electronics, such as laptop computers and cell phones.

Methanol is also widely used as a fuel in computer stoves and boats. Methanol burns well in pressurized burners. Alcohol stoves usually require a little more than a cup to hold fuel. This complexity makes them spend most of their time in the desert.

Methanol is a common laboratory solvent. Due to its low UV cutoff, it is particularly useful for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV/VIS assays.

The most important application of methanol is in the manufacture of other chemicals. Approximately 40% of methanol is converted to formaldehyde. Then it is used to make other products such as plastic, plywood, paint, explosives and permanent press textiles.

Other chemical derivatives are methanol dimethyl ether, which includes chlorofluorocarbons as an aerosol spray propellant, and acetic acid. Dimethyl ether or “DME” can also be mixed with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) for home heating and cooking, and can be used as a diesel transportation fuel

sale of metanol:

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